You will have to use java for this.
A minimum working example is as follows (tested on R2020b).
tarpath = fullfile(pwd,'abc.tar'); % change here
file = java.io.File(tarpath);
fis = java.io.FileInputStream(file);
tis = org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.tar.TarArchiveInputStream(fis);
copier = com.mathworks.mlwidgets.io.InterruptibleStreamCopier.getInterruptibleStreamCopier;
extractfolder = fullfile(pwd,'extracthere'); % change here
while true
entry = tis.getNextEntry;
if(isempty(entry))
break;
end
name = char(entry.getName)
if(endsWith(name,'.m')) % change the logic on which files to extract here
path = regexprep(name,'^[\.\\\/]*',''); % remove leading ..\ or ../
path = fullfile(extractfolder,path);
[folder,~,~] = fileparts(path);
mkdir(folder);
outJavaFile = java.io.File(path);
outStream = java.io.FileOutputStream(outJavaFile);
copier.copyStream(tis, outStream);
outStream.close();
end
end
tis.close;
