Consult the inpolygon documentation page. You can probably do this without the for loop, as inpolygon can query a vector of points at once.
Here is an example from the linked page.
% Define polygon
L = linspace(0,2*pi,6);
xv = cos(L)';
yv = sin(L)';
% Define points to query
xq = randn(250,1);
yq = randn(250,1);
% Find points inside polygon
[in,on] = inpolygon(xq,yq,xv,yv);
% Visualize results
figure
plot(xv,yv) % polygon
axis equal
hold on
plot(xq(in),yq(in),'r+') % points inside
plot(xq(~in),yq(~in),'bo') % points outside
hold off
