When is subsystem reference a better choice than model reference?

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I am trying to understand the difference between "model reference" and "subsystem reference". I came across this documentation page, but no matter how many use-cases I reviewed, I never seem to end up with a "subsystem reference". From the flow chart shown in that page, the only way conclude with "subsystem reference" is when the block does not have a defined interface, or is not re-used or does not change. These are the antithesis of arguments for any creating any type of subsystems. Can someone comment on practical situations when a "subsystem reference" will be useful over "model reference"? Are there computational costs associated with "model reference"? I am inclined to believe that in practical cases in the industry, "subsystem references" are rarely used.

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Jonas
Jonas 2021-2-22
编辑:Jonas 2021-2-22
Subsystem References is new functionality to Simulink, it is only supported since R2019b. So industry will only slowly evolve to using the functionality.
I will try to explain use-cases for using Subsystem Reference, and contrast it with Model Reference. Both are saved into their own .slx file, and are referenced by a parent model. The difference is that with Model Reference, the signal interfaces are fixed, such as data types and signal dimensions. With a Subsystem Reference, these interfaces do not need to be fixed. Look at this documentation page. You can use a Subsystem Reference in multiple instances where one instance receives a scalar while another instance receives a vector signal. This is similar to using a library block: the same library block can be used for different instances with different signal dimensions or data types. A Model Reference only accepts signals of a fixed data type and dimensions.
Besides this, a Model Reference can have its own Configuration Parameters and Model Workspace, while a Subsystem does not have it and inherits this from the parent model.
I would say that a Subsystem Reference is more closely related to a library subsystem, with the advantage that:
  • The subsystem is inside its own .slx file, which can be versioned through GIT. This means a different team member can develop this subsystem reference inside the .slx file without disturbing other systems. If you do this with a library, the whole library will be affected.
  • A subsystem reference can be tested and developed inside a harness.
In a model-based design project, I would say typically a Model Reference is used for:
  • A controller
  • A plant model
which are then referenced in harnesses for:
  • Code generation
  • Real-time prototyping
  • Simulation
while Subsystem References are used for:
  • Speed controller subsystem inside the controller
  • Position estimator subsystem inside the controller
  • ...
  • Induction motor model inside the plant model
  • Synchronous motor model inside the plant model
  • ...
This link also provides a comparison overview.
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