Your xticks and xticklabels do not need to be the same value. You can set the xticklabels to be whatever you want.
Perhaps something like this?
x=-2:0.1:4;
y=2+3*x;
plot(x,y); %straight line
% query the xtick values
xt = xticks;
% transform the xtick values
T=1./(1-exp(-exp(-xt)));
% update the xticklabels with the transformed values
xticklabels(T)
