Help with simplifying a complex symbolic expression

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Lu Zhao 2021-3-26

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此问题的直接链接

https://ww2.mathworks.cn/matlabcentral/answers/784591-help-with-simplifying-a-complex-symbolic-expression

评论： Lu Zhao 2021-3-29

There is a symbolic expression, and one of the variable "U_j0" can be cancled out.

But when I use "simplify()" command, "U_j0" is still in the expression. Can anyone help me out to further simplify the expression below?

syms dIm Im dKm Km alpha1 omega1 S U1 delta c1 m
syms omega Omega R0 R Uinf U_j0
% The following is the symbolic expression waiting to be simplified. ^ O ^
% Thank you!
term1=((2*log(-(U_j0*(alpha1 - alpha1*c1 + S*delta*m))/delta)*(S^2*m^2 + 2*S*alpha1*c1*m - 2*S*alpha1*m - alpha1^2*c1^2 + 2*alpha1^2*c1 - alpha1^2))/(m^2*(alpha1 + S*m - alpha1*c1)^2) - (log(R)*(m^2 - 2))/m^2 + (Im*alpha1^2*((R*dIm*delta*((2*S*(S*m - alpha1 + alpha1*c1))/(m*(alpha1 + S*m - alpha1*c1)^2) - (log(-R*(delta - 1))*(m^2 - 2))/m^2 + (2*log(-(U_j0*alpha1*(c1 - 1)*(delta - 1))/delta)*(S^2*m^2 + 2*S*alpha1*c1*m - 2*S*alpha1*m - alpha1^2*c1^2 + 2*alpha1^2*c1 - alpha1^2))/(m^2*(alpha1 + S*m - alpha1*c1)^2)))/(Im*alpha1) - (R^2*delta^2*((U_j0*alpha1*(c1 - 1))/(R^2*delta*(delta - 1)) + (S*U_j0*m*((2*S*(S*m - alpha1 + alpha1*c1))/(m*(alpha1 + S*m - alpha1*c1)^2) - (log(-R*(delta - 1))*(m^2 - 2))/m^2 + (2*log(-(U_j0*alpha1*(c1 - 1)*(delta - 1))/delta)* (S^2*m^2 + 2*S*alpha1*c1*m - 2*S*alpha1*m - alpha1^2*c1^2 + 2*alpha1^2*c1 - alpha1^2))/(m^2*(alpha1 + S*m - alpha1*c1)^2)))/(R^2*delta*(delta - 1))))/(U_j0*alpha1^2*(c1 - 1)))*(c1 - 1)*(delta - 1))/(delta*(Im*S*m - R*alpha1*dIm + R*alpha1*c1*dIm + R*alpha1*dIm*delta - R*alpha1*c1*dIm*delta)) + (2*S*alpha1*(c1 - 1)*(delta - 1)*(S*m - alpha1 + alpha1*c1))/(m*(alpha1 + S*m - alpha1*c1)^2*(alpha1 - alpha1*c1 + S*delta*m)));

I tried to combine "log()" terms by hand and simplified the above expression to get a new one shown below (cancel variable "U_j0") , but the expression I got is not correct. I wondered anyone could help me to use MATLAB program to simplify this expression and cancel variable "U_j0"?

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Answer 1

Paul 2021-3-26

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此回答的直接链接

https://ww2.mathworks.cn/matlabcentral/answers/784591-help-with-simplifying-a-complex-symbolic-expression#answer_659406

在 MATLAB Online 中打开

This code eliminates U_j0:

[num,den]=numden(term1);
newnum = combine(num,'log','IgnoreAnalyticConstraints',true);
newterm1 = newnum/den;

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Lu Zhao 2021-3-26

在 MATLAB Online 中打开

Hi Paul,

Thank you the code. I have a follow-up question:

If substitute the variables with numbers for two expressions, then the answers supposed to be equal. However, command "subs()" gives two different values. Is there any beter way to check on results?

syms dIm Im dKm Km alpha1 omega1 S U1 delta c1 m
syms omega Omega R0 R Uinf U_j0
% The following is the symbolic expression waiting to be simplified. ^ O ^
% Thank you!
term1=((2*log(-(U_j0*(alpha1 - alpha1*c1 + S*delta*m))/delta)*(S^2*m^2 + 2*S*alpha1*c1*m - 2*S*alpha1*m - alpha1^2*c1^2 + 2*alpha1^2*c1 - alpha1^2))/(m^2*(alpha1 + S*m - alpha1*c1)^2) - (log(R)*(m^2 - 2))/m^2 + (Im*alpha1^2*((R*dIm*delta*((2*S*(S*m - alpha1 + alpha1*c1))/(m*(alpha1 + S*m - alpha1*c1)^2) - (log(-R*(delta - 1))*(m^2 - 2))/m^2 + (2*log(-(U_j0*alpha1*(c1 - 1)*(delta - 1))/delta)*(S^2*m^2 + 2*S*alpha1*c1*m - 2*S*alpha1*m - alpha1^2*c1^2 + 2*alpha1^2*c1 - alpha1^2))/(m^2*(alpha1 + S*m - alpha1*c1)^2)))/(Im*alpha1) - (R^2*delta^2*((U_j0*alpha1*(c1 - 1))/(R^2*delta*(delta - 1)) + (S*U_j0*m*((2*S*(S*m - alpha1 + alpha1*c1))/(m*(alpha1 + S*m - alpha1*c1)^2) - (log(-R*(delta - 1))*(m^2 - 2))/m^2 + (2*log(-(U_j0*alpha1*(c1 - 1)*(delta - 1))/delta)* (S^2*m^2 + 2*S*alpha1*c1*m - 2*S*alpha1*m - alpha1^2*c1^2 + 2*alpha1^2*c1 - alpha1^2))/(m^2*(alpha1 + S*m - alpha1*c1)^2)))/(R^2*delta*(delta - 1))))/(U_j0*alpha1^2*(c1 - 1)))*(c1 - 1)*(delta - 1))/(delta*(Im*S*m - R*alpha1*dIm + R*alpha1*c1*dIm + R*alpha1*dIm*delta - R*alpha1*c1*dIm*delta)) + (2*S*alpha1*(c1 - 1)*(delta - 1)*(S*m - alpha1 + alpha1*c1))/(m*(alpha1 + S*m - alpha1*c1)^2*(alpha1 - alpha1*c1 + S*delta*m)));
[num,den]=numden(term1);
newnum = combine(num,'log','IgnoreAnalyticConstraints',true);
newterm1 = newnum/den;
% Double-check :
Y1 = subs(term1,[alpha1,c1,S,delta,m, R,U_j0],[1,0.1,1,0.1,1,1,1])
Y3 = subs(newterm1,[alpha1,c1,S,delta,m, R],[1,0.1,1,0.1,1,1])
simplify(Y3-Y1) % The value is not zero. Did I miss anything?

Paul 2021-3-26

在 MATLAB Online 中打开

Im and dIm are left over in Y3 - Y1. Substitute values in for those too:

>> Y1 = subs(term1,[alpha1,c1,S,delta,m, R, Im, dIm, U_j0],[1,0.1,1,0.1,1,1,3,2,1]);
>> Y3 = subs(newterm1,[alpha1,c1,S,delta,m, R, Im , dIm],[1,0.1,1,0.1,1,1,3,2]);
>> simplify(Y1-Y3,500)
 
ans =
 
0
 

Here is the code I used to show that num and newnum are identical (ignoring the Analytic Constraints):

>> syms dIm Im dKm Km alpha1 omega1 S U1 delta c1 m
syms omega Omega R0 R Uinf U_j0
% The following is the symbolic expression waiting to be simplified. ^ O ^
% Thank you!
term1=((2*log(-(U_j0*(alpha1 - alpha1*c1 + S*delta*m))/delta)*(S^2*m^2 + 2*S*alpha1*c1*m - 2*S*alpha1*m - alpha1^2*c1^2 + 2*alpha1^2*c1 - alpha1^2))/(m^2*(alpha1 + S*m - alpha1*c1)^2) - (log(R)*(m^2 - 2))/m^2 + (Im*alpha1^2*((R*dIm*delta*((2*S*(S*m - alpha1 + alpha1*c1))/(m*(alpha1 + S*m - alpha1*c1)^2) - (log(-R*(delta - 1))*(m^2 - 2))/m^2 + (2*log(-(U_j0*alpha1*(c1 - 1)*(delta - 1))/delta)*(S^2*m^2 + 2*S*alpha1*c1*m - 2*S*alpha1*m - alpha1^2*c1^2 + 2*alpha1^2*c1 - alpha1^2))/(m^2*(alpha1 + S*m - alpha1*c1)^2)))/(Im*alpha1) - (R^2*delta^2*((U_j0*alpha1*(c1 - 1))/(R^2*delta*(delta - 1)) + (S*U_j0*m*((2*S*(S*m - alpha1 + alpha1*c1))/(m*(alpha1 + S*m - alpha1*c1)^2) - (log(-R*(delta - 1))*(m^2 - 2))/m^2 + (2*log(-(U_j0*alpha1*(c1 - 1)*(delta - 1))/delta)* (S^2*m^2 + 2*S*alpha1*c1*m - 2*S*alpha1*m - alpha1^2*c1^2 + 2*alpha1^2*c1 - alpha1^2))/(m^2*(alpha1 + S*m - alpha1*c1)^2)))/(R^2*delta*(delta - 1))))/(U_j0*alpha1^2*(c1 - 1)))*(c1 - 1)*(delta - 1))/(delta*(Im*S*m - R*alpha1*dIm + R*alpha1*c1*dIm + R*alpha1*dIm*delta - R*alpha1*c1*dIm*delta)) + (2*S*alpha1*(c1 - 1)*(delta - 1)*(S*m - alpha1 + alpha1*c1))/(m*(alpha1 + S*m - alpha1*c1)^2*(alpha1 - alpha1*c1 + S*delta*m)));
[num,den]=numden(term1);
newnum = combine(num,'log','IgnoreAnalyticConstraints',true);
>> simplify(combine(newnum-num,'log','IgnoreAnalyticConstraints',true),500)
 
ans =
 
0