Main Content

positioning.INSSensorModel Class

Namespace: positioning

Base class for defining sensor models used with insEKF

Since R2022a

expand all in page

Description

The positioning.INSSensorModel class defines the base class for sensor models used with INS filters. Derive from this class to define your own sensor model.

To define a new sensor:

  • Inherit from this class and implement at least the measurement method.

  • Optionally, if you want a higher fidelity simulation, you can implement the measurementJacobian method that returns the Jacobian of the measurement function. If you do not implement this method, the object calculates a Jacobian numerically with lower accuracy and higher computation cost.

If the sensor model definition requires the use of the tracked state, you must additionally:

  • Implement the sensorStates method to define the tracked state.

  • Optionally, you can implement the stateTransition method if the state is not constant over time.

  • Optionally, you can implement the stateTransitionJacobian method (that returns the Jacobian of the state transition function) for a higher fidelity simulation. If you do not implement this method, the object calculates the Jacobian numerically with lower accuracy and higher computation cost.

As an example of implementing this interface class, see the implementation details of insAccelerometer by typing this in the Command Window: 

edit insGyroscope

The positioning.INSSensorModel class is a handle class.

Class Attributes

Abstract
true

For information on class attributes, see Class Attributes.

Creation

Syntax

sensor = positioning.INSSensorModel()

Description

sensor = positioning.INSSensorModel() creates an INS sensor model object. This constructor can only be called from a derived class.

example

Methods

expand all

Examples

collapse all

Open Live Script

Customize a sensor model used with the insEKF object. The sensor measures the velocity state, including a bias affected by random noise.

Customize the sensor model by inheriting from the positioning.INSSensorModel interface class and implementing its methods. Note that only the measurement method is required for implementation in the positioning.INSSensorModel interface class. These sections provide an overview of how the BiasSensor class implements the positioning.INSSensorModel methods, but for details on their implementation, see the details of the implementation are in the attached BiasSensor.m file.

Implement sensorStates method

To model bias, the sensorStates method needs to return a state, Bias, as a structure. When you add a BiasSensor object to an insEKF filter object, the filter adds the bias component to the state vector of the filter.

Implement measurement method

The measurement is the velocity component of the filter state, including the bias. Therefore, return the summation of the velocity component from the filter and the bias.

Implement measurementJacobian method

The measurementJacobian method returns the partial derivative of the measurement method with respect to the state vector of the filter as a structure. All the partial derivatives are 0, except the partial derivatives of the measurement with respect to the velocity and bias state components.

Implement stateTransition method

The stateTransiton method returns the derivative of the sensor state defined in the sensorStates method. Assume the derivative of the bias is affected by a white noise with a standard deviation of 0.01. Return the derivative as a structure. Note that this only showcases how to set up the method, and does not correspond to any practical application.

Implement stateTransitionJacobian method

Since the stateTransiton function does not depend on the state of the filter, the Jacobian matrix is 0.

Create and add inherited object

Create a BiasSensor object.

biSensor = BiasSensor
biSensor = 
  BiasSensor with no properties.

Create an insEKF object with the biSensor object.

filter = insEKF(biSensor,insMotionPose)
filter = 
  insEKF with properties:

                   State: [17x1 double]
         StateCovariance: [17x17 double]
    AdditiveProcessNoise: [17x17 double]
             MotionModel: [1x1 insMotionPose]
                 Sensors: {[1x1 BiasSensor]}
             SensorNames: {'BiasSensor'}
          ReferenceFrame: 'NED'

The filter state contains the bias component.

stateinfo(filter)
ans = struct with fields:
        Orientation: [1 2 3 4]
    AngularVelocity: [5 6 7]
           Position: [8 9 10]
           Velocity: [11 12 13]
       Acceleration: [14 15 16]
    BiasSensor_Bias: 17

Show customized BiasSensor class

type BiasSensor.m
classdef BiasSensor < positioning.INSSensorModel
%BIASSENSOR Sensor measuring velocity with bias

%   Copyright 2021 The MathWorks, Inc.    

    methods 
        function s = sensorstates(~,~)
            % Assume the sensor has a bias. Define a Bias state to enable
            % the filter to estimate the bias.
            s = struct('Bias',0);
        end        
        function z = measurement(sensor,filter)
            % Measurement is the summation of the velocity measurement and
            % the bias.
            velocity = stateparts(filter,'Velocity');
            bias = stateparts(filter,sensor,'Bias');
            z = velocity + bias;
        end        
        function dzdx = measurementJacobian(sensor,filter)
            % Compute the Jacobian, which is the partial derivative of the 
            % measurement (velocity plus bias) with respect to the filter
            % state vector. 
            % Obtain the dimension of the filter state.
            N = numel(filter.State);  

            % The partial derviative of the Bias with respect to all the
            % states is zero, except the Bias state itself.
            dzdx = zeros(1,N); 

            % Obtain the index for the Bias state component in the filter.
            bidx = stateinfo(filter,sensor,'Bias'); 
            dzdx(:,bidx) = 1;

            % The partial derivative of the Velocity with respect to all the
            % states is zero, except the Velocity state itself.
            vidx = stateinfo(filter,'Velocity');
            dzdx(:,vidx) = 1;
        end
        function dBias = stateTransition(~,~,dt,~)
            % Assume the derivative of the bias is affected by a zero-mean 
            % white noise with a standard deviation of 0.01. 
            noise = 0.01*randn*dt;
            dBias = struct('Bias',noise);
        end
        function dBiasdx = stateTransitonJacobian(~,filter,~,~)
            % Since the stateTransiton function does not depend on the
            % state of the filter, the Jacobian is all zero.
            N = numel(filter.State);
            dBiasdx = zeros(1,N);
        end
    end
end

Version History

Introduced in R2022a

See Also

|