permute

Permute array dimensions

Syntax

B = permute(A,dimorder)

Description

B = permute(A,dimorder) rearranges the dimensions of an array in the order specified by the vector dimorder. For example, permute(A,[2 1]) switches the row and column dimensions of a matrix A. In general, the ith dimension of the output array is the dimension dimorder(i) from the input array.

example

Examples

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3-D Array

Open Live Script

Create a 3-by-4-by-2 array and permute it so that the first and third dimensions are switched, resulting in a 2-by-4-by-3 array.

rng default
A = rand(3,4,2)

A = 
A(:,:,1) =

    0.8147    0.9134    0.2785    0.9649
    0.9058    0.6324    0.5469    0.1576
    0.1270    0.0975    0.9575    0.9706


A(:,:,2) =

    0.9572    0.1419    0.7922    0.0357
    0.4854    0.4218    0.9595    0.8491
    0.8003    0.9157    0.6557    0.9340

B = permute(A,[3 2 1])

B = 
B(:,:,1) =

    0.8147    0.9134    0.2785    0.9649
    0.9572    0.1419    0.7922    0.0357


B(:,:,2) =

    0.9058    0.6324    0.5469    0.1576
    0.4854    0.4218    0.9595    0.8491


B(:,:,3) =

    0.1270    0.0975    0.9575    0.9706
    0.8003    0.9157    0.6557    0.9340

szB = size(B)

szB = 1×3

     2     4     3

Input Arguments

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`A` — Input array
vector | matrix | multidimensional array

Input array, specified as a vector, matrix, or multidimensional array.

`dimorder` — Dimension order
row vector

Dimension order, specified as a row vector with unique, positive integer elements that represent the dimensions of the input array.

Extended Capabilities

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Tall Arrays
Calculate with arrays that have more rows than fit in memory.

This function supports tall arrays with the limitation:

Permuting the tall dimension (dimension one) is not supported.

For more information, see Tall Arrays for Out-of-Memory Data.

C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using MATLAB® Coder™.

Usage notes and limitations:

dimorder must be a fixed-size row vector.
If B is a heterogeneous cell array, dimorder must be a constant. To learn more about heterogeneous cell arrays, see Code Generation for Cell Arrays (MATLAB Coder).

Thread-Based Environment
Run code in the background using MATLAB® `backgroundPool` or accelerate code with Parallel Computing Toolbox™ `ThreadPool`.

This function fully supports thread-based environments. For more information, see Run MATLAB Functions in Thread-Based Environment.

GPU Arrays
Accelerate code by running on a graphics processing unit (GPU) using Parallel Computing Toolbox™.

The permute function fully supports GPU arrays. To run the function on a GPU, specify the input data as a gpuArray (Parallel Computing Toolbox). For more information, see Run MATLAB Functions on a GPU (Parallel Computing Toolbox).

Distributed Arrays
Partition large arrays across the combined memory of your cluster using Parallel Computing Toolbox™.

This function fully supports distributed arrays. For more information, see Run MATLAB Functions with Distributed Arrays (Parallel Computing Toolbox).

Version History

Introduced before R2006a

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R2025a: Code generation support

You can generate C/C++ code for this function.

R2019b: Noninteger or complex dimension order arguments produce error

Starting in R2019b, the syntax permute(A,dimorder) produces an error when dimorder is a noninteger or complex value. Instead, specify real, positive integer values for dimorder.

permute

Syntax

Description

Examples

3-D Array

Input Arguments

A — Input array vector | matrix | multidimensional array

dimorder — Dimension order row vector

Extended Capabilities

Tall Arrays Calculate with arrays that have more rows than fit in memory.

C/C++ Code Generation Generate C and C++ code using MATLAB® Coder™.

Thread-Based Environment Run code in the background using MATLAB® backgroundPool or accelerate code with Parallel Computing Toolbox™ ThreadPool.

GPU Arrays Accelerate code by running on a graphics processing unit (GPU) using Parallel Computing Toolbox™.

Distributed Arrays Partition large arrays across the combined memory of your cluster using Parallel Computing Toolbox™.