The algorithms to create random numbers reply 32bit integers usually. A standard method to create a random DOUBLE combines two of them:
a = <INT32_rand>;
b = <INT32_rand>;
r = ((a >> 5) * 67108864.0 + (b >> 6)) / 9007199254740992.0;
Getting an integer <= n with a guaranteed equal distribution is more expensive. You cannot just use MOD or an integer division, because this would result in a bias. You have to draw random numbers until you get one, which is smaller than the largest multiple of n, which is smaller than 2^32-1. Then the modulo-operation is safe. This methods needs branching, which slows down the processor massively.
