How to normalize vector to unit length
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how to normalize vector of features to unit length to generate a probability density function (pdf) also what the normalization can do for the vector?
回答（3 个）
John D'Errico
2017-3-11
编辑：John D'Errico
2017-3-11
Vector norms are linear, in the sense that for constant k and vector V,
norm(k*V) = k*norm(V)
So all you need do is
V = V/norm(V);
Which will force the norm(V) to now be 1.
Your other question, "what can a norm do for a vector" makes no sense. Sorry. If you can clarify what you mean, I might be able to answer.
3 个评论
Jan
2017-3-12
Slightly faster:
V = V / sqrt(V' * V); % for column vectors, for rows: V * V'
John D'Errico
2017-3-12
编辑：John D'Errico
2017-3-12
At the same time, norm is more robust. The computation that Jan shows will fail on some vectors where norm will not.
A very simple example where that is true is:
V = [1e200, 1e190];
norm(V)
ans =
1e+200
sqrt(V*V')
ans =
Inf
Jan
2017-3-12
Thanks, John. I was not aware that norm() uses the stable hypot approach.
vahid rowghanian
2021-5-22
编辑：vahid rowghanian
2021-5-23
For a 2-D feature vector R that variables are along columns and samples are along rows, use the following code to normalize the feature to unity range (0-1) with respect to min and max values of each column (feature vector).
Rmax = repmat(max(R), size(R,1), 1);
Rmin = repmat(min(R), size(R,1), 1);
R_unity = (R - Rmin)./(Rmax - Rmin);
For normalizing gray or 3-D or more (any number of channel matrices) that contain negative or positive values that need to be confined in unity range (0-1), the code below will help:
im = double(im);
immin = repmat(min(min(im)), size(im,1), size(im,2));
immax = repmat(max(max(im)), size(im,1), size(im,2));
imu = (im - immin)./(immax - immin);
The Matlab function normalize(A), normalizes vector or matrix A to the center 0 and standard deviation 1. The result will be in range (-1,1).
In case by normalization you mean to make the sum of each column to be equal to one, one possible way for matrix D which can even be a multidimensional is:
Dnorm = bsxfun(@rdivide, D, sum(D));
Now, each column summation will be one (see sum(Dnorm) ).
Steven Lord
2021-5-22
0 个投票
The normalize and vecnorm functions may also be of use to you.
1 个评论
Oleksii Doronin
2021-5-27
Function normalize does not give the needed answer. Instead, it treats vector as a set of points, then centers it around 0 and then normalizes.
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2021-5-27
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