How to interpolate between two adjacent points of time series data, if the difference between any two consecutive points is greater than 25 by using for loop?

9 次查看（过去 30 天）
Yared Daniel
Yared Daniel 2021-5-26
评论： Yared Daniel 2021-5-28
I have a time series data like this;
x = [555 554 100 10 36 20 17 5 51 70 101 40 13];
and independent variables as follow
L = numel(x);
fs = 4;
t=0:1/fs:(L-1)/fs;
What I want is to use spline interpolation between two consecutive point of 'x' means (xi and xi+1) if the difference between two point is greater than 25. for example from the above time series abs(x4-x3)= 10-100= 90 therefore I want to interpolate between x3 and x4 with t interval of 0.05 and return all the new time series data by using a loop. The loop have to continue until the difference between every consecutive data in “x” becomes less than 25.
Thanks for your contribution in advance
  2 个评论
Yared Daniel
Yared Daniel 2021-5-26
I want only the gap which is greater 25 to be interpolated, the other gap which is less than 25 has to be as it is.
But if the gap is interpolated at time interval 0.05 and still the gap between the interpolted points is greater than 25 you can chnage the point of interpolation to more finer time interval.
Thanks for asking

请先登录，再进行评论。

请先登录，再回答此问题。

采纳的回答

Jan
Jan 2021-5-26
编辑：Jan 2021-5-26
Ran in:
x = [555 554 100 10 36 20 17 5 51 70 101 40 13];
L = numel(x);
fs = 4;
t = 0:1/fs:(L-1)/fs;
ready = false;
dt = 0.05;
xx = x;
tt = t;
while ~ready
miss = find(abs(diff(xx)) > 25);
if isempty(miss)
ready = true;
else
% Insert new time values for gaps:
for k = numel(miss):-1:1
tt = [tt(1:miss(k)-1), ...
tt(miss(k)):dt:tt(miss(k)+1), ...
tt(miss(k)+2:end)];
end
xx = interp1(t, x, tt, 'spline'); % Using original x, not xx!
dt = dt / 10; % Decrease time interval for next iteration
end
end
figure;
axes;
plot(t, x, 'ro');
hold('on');
plot(tt, xx, 'b.');
  7 个评论
显示 5更早的评论
Jan
Jan 2021-5-28
interp1 is slow. A griddedInterpolant will be faster.
If the input is large, the iterative growing of tt is a bad idea.
Maybe this solution is a bad strategy. So please explain, which problem you want to solve actually. If all want want to achive is a list of numbers with gaps < 25, there are better methods.

请先登录，再进行评论。

更多回答（2 个）

J. Alex Lee
J. Alex Lee 2021-5-28
Ran in:
Here's [another approximate] way to do it that will only call spline once (could as well do it with gridded interpolant)
The method I suggested above won't work with spline because the interval between t = 0.5 and t = 0.75 is not monotonic after the global spline fit.
So this method is still only approximate to satisfy dx_min.
x = [555 554 100 10 36 20 17 5 51 70 101 40 13];
L = numel(x);
fs = 4;
t = 0:1/fs:(L-1)/fs;
% do the spline fit to the whole set of points once
pp = spline(t,x)
pp = struct with fields:
form: 'pp' breaks: [0 0.2500 0.5000 0.7500 1 1.2500 1.5000 1.7500 2 2.2500 2.5000 2.7500 3] coefs: [12×4 double] pieces: 12 order: 4 dim: 1
% define the minimum gap in x you want
dxmin = 25
dxmin = 25
x_agaps = abs(diff(x))
x_agaps = 1×12
1 454 90 26 16 3 12 46 19 31 61 27
t_agaps = abs(diff(t))
t_agaps = 1×12
0.2500 0.2500 0.2500 0.2500 0.2500 0.2500 0.2500 0.2500 0.2500 0.2500 0.2500 0.2500
dx_mult = 1.2; % extra refinement tweak
% find the intervals where your gap is violated
intvls = find(x_agaps > 25);
% for each interval, generate
tc = cell(numel(intvls),1);
xc = cell(numel(intvls),1);
for i = 1:numel(intvls)
% for i = 2
idx = intvls(i);
% split the interval into n points such that
% ROUGHLY minimum gap is satisfied (assuming linear)
n = ceil(x_agaps(idx)/dxmin * dx_mult);
tt = linspace(t(idx),t(idx+1),2+n);
xx = ppval(pp,tt);
tc{i} = tt(2:end-1);
xc{i} = xx(2:end-1);
end
tI = horzcat(t,tc{:});
xI = horzcat(x,xc{:});
[tI,srtIdx] = sort(tI);
xI = xI(srtIdx);
% analyze violations there are...
abs(diff(xI))
ans = 1×51
1.0000 18.3053 19.0709 19.7458 20.3298 20.8232 21.2258 21.5376 21.7587 21.8891 21.9286 21.8775 21.7356 21.5029 21.1796 20.7654 20.2605 19.6649 18.9785 18.2013 17.3335 16.3748 15.3254 14.1853 43.5096 28.2867 15.9281 6.4338 0.1962 3.9620
idxViol = find(abs(diff(xI))>dxmin)
idxViol = 1×2
25 26
figure(1); cla; hold on;
plot(t,x,'.','MarkerSize',12)
plot(tI,xI,'o')
fplot(@(t)(ppval(pp,t)),t([1,end]),'-')
plot(tI(idxViol),xI(idxViol),'x','MarkerSize',9,'LineWidth',2)
  1 个评论
Jan
Jan 2021-5-28
Of course, this is an efficient idea: My code computes the spline interpolation for the same intervals repeatedly, but computing te spline onces and insert only additional interpolation steps is leaner and faster.

请先登录，再进行评论。

J. Alex Lee
J. Alex Lee 2021-5-28
Ran in:
If you just want the points to be "appear" roughly evenly distributed, you could consider spacing in the arc length (although you'd have to re-scale one of the dimensions so that it looks "even" in the plot)
x = [555 554 100 10 36 20 17 5 51 70 101 40 13];
L = numel(x);
fs = 4;
t=0:1/fs:(L-1)/fs;
% interpolate more than you ultimately need
tI = linspace(t(1),t(end),2000)';
xI = interp1(t,x,tI,'spline');
% scale by
% scl = 200;
scl = max(xI)/max(tI)
scl = 227.0709
% parameterize the ultra-refined curve w.r.t. its own arclength s
sI = [0;cumsum(sqrt(scl^2*diff(tI).^2+diff(xI).^2))];
% then interpolate both x and t w.r.t. s
% in the steepest part of the curve, dx ~ 25 corresponds to
se = linspace(sI(1),sI(end),50)';
te = interp1(sI,tI,se);
xe = interp1(sI,xI,se);
figure(1); cla; hold on;
plot(t,x,'x')
plot(te,xe,'o')
plot(tI,xI,'-')

类别

在 Help Center 和 File Exchange 中查找有关 Interpolation 的更多信息

标签

Community Treasure Hunt

Find the treasures in MATLAB Central and discover how the community can help you!

Start Hunting!

Translated by