and, &

Find logical AND

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Syntax

A & B
and(A,B)

Description

A & B performs a logical AND of inputs A and B and returns an array or a table containing elements set to either logical 1 (true) or logical 0 (false). An element of the output is set to logical 1 (true) if both A and B contain a nonzero element at that same location. Otherwise, the element is set to 0.

For bit-wise logical AND operations, see bitand.

example

and(A,B) is an alternate way to execute A & B, but is rarely used. It enables operator overloading for classes.

Examples

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Open Live Script

Find the logical AND of two matrices. The result contains logical 1 (true) only where both matrices contain nonzero values.

A = [5 7 0; 0 2 9; 5 0 0]
A = 3×3

     5     7     0
     0     2     9
     5     0     0


B = [6 6 0; 1 3 5; -1 0 0]
B = 3×3

     6     6     0
     1     3     5
    -1     0     0


A & B
ans = 3×3 logical array

   1   1   0
   0   1   1
   1   0   0
Open Live Script

Create a truth table for and.

A = [true false]
A = 1×2 logical array

   1   0


B = [true; false]
B = 2×1 logical array

   1
   0


C = A&B
C = 2×2 logical array

   1   0
   0   0
Open Live Script

Since R2023a

Create two tables and perform a logical AND of them. The row names (if present in both) and variable names must be the same, but do not need to be in the same orders. Rows and variables of the output are in the same orders as the first input.

A = table([0;2],[0;4],VariableNames=["V1","V2"],RowNames=["R1","R2"])
A=2×2 table
          V1    V2
          __    __

    R1    0     0 
    R2    2     4 


B = table([4;2],[3;0],VariableNames=["V2","V1"],RowNames=["R2","R1"])
B=2×2 table
          V2    V1
          __    __

    R2    4     3 
    R1    2     0 


A & B
ans=2×2 table
           V1       V2  
          _____    _____

    R1    false    false
    R2    true     true

Input Arguments

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Operands, specified as scalars, vectors, matrices, multidimensional arrays, tables, or timetables. Inputs A and B must either be the same size or have sizes that are compatible (for example, A is an M-by-N matrix and B is a scalar or 1-by-N row vector). For more information, see Compatible Array Sizes for Basic Operations.

Inputs that are tables or timetables must meet the following conditions: (since R2023a)

  • If an input is a table or timetable, then all its variables must have data types that support the operation.

  • If only one input is a table or timetable, then the other input must be a numeric or logical array.

  • If both inputs are tables or timetables, then:

    • Both inputs must have the same size, or one of them must be a one-row table.

    • Both inputs must have variables with the same names. However, the variables in each input can be in a different order.

    • If both inputs are tables and they both have row names, then their row names must be the same. However, the row names in each input can be in a different order.

    • If both inputs are timetables, then their row times must be the same. However, the row times in each input can be in a different order.

Data Types: single | double | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64 | logical | table | timetable

Tips

  • You can chain together several logical operations, for example, A & B | C.

  • The symbols & and && perform different operations in MATLAB®. The element-wise AND operator described here is &. The short-circuit AND operator is &&.

  • When you use the element-wise & and | operators in the context of an if or while loop expression (and only in that context), they use short-circuiting to evaluate expressions. Otherwise, you must specify && or || to opt-in to short-circuiting behavior. See Short-Circuit AND and Short-Circuit OR for more information.

Extended Capabilities

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C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using MATLAB® Coder™.

GPU Code Generation
Generate CUDA® code for NVIDIA® GPUs using GPU Coder™.

HDL Code Generation
Generate VHDL, Verilog and SystemVerilog code for FPGA and ASIC designs using HDL Coder™.

Version History

Introduced before R2006a

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See Also

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